تاریخ انتشار : شنبه 15 مهر 1402 - 16:31
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کد خبر : 208920

بازار کریپتو زخم های سقوط FTX را تحمل می کند

بازار کریپتو زخم های سقوط FTX را تحمل می کند

به گزارش اخبار دی و به نقل از رویترز ۳ اکتبر (رویترز) – بازار جهانی ارزهای دیجیتال به دنبال فروپاشی سرسام آور صرافی کریپتو FTX و دیگر بازیگران بزرگ در سال گذشته، با قیمت‌ها، حجم و سرمایه گذاری خطرپذیر کریپتو بسیار کمتر از اوج خود در سال ۲۰۲۱، به شدت آسیب دیده است. سام بنکمن-فرید،

U.S. attorney Damian Williams speaks to the media regarding the indictment of Samuel Bankman-Fried the founder of failed crypto exchange FTX

به گزارش اخبار دی و به نقل از رویترز ۳ اکتبر (رویترز) – بازار جهانی ارزهای دیجیتال به دنبال فروپاشی سرسام آور صرافی کریپتو FTX و دیگر بازیگران بزرگ در سال گذشته، با قیمت‌ها، حجم و سرمایه گذاری خطرپذیر کریپتو بسیار کمتر از اوج خود در سال ۲۰۲۱، به شدت آسیب دیده است.

سام بنکمن-فرید، مدیر عامل سابق FTX، روز سه شنبه در نیویورک محاکمه می شود و به هفت فقره کلاهبرداری و توطئه ناشی از سقوط ناگهانی صرافی در نوامبر ۲۰۲۲ متهم شده است. او خود را بی گناه دانسته است.

FTX یکی از مجموعه‌ای از فروپاشی‌های صنعت بود که باعث سقوط بیت‌کوین به پایین‌ترین قیمت از سال ۲۰۲۰ شد. در حالی که بیت‌کوین و سایر توکن‌های اصلی تا حدی بهبود یافته‌اند، این بخش از تب وتابی که در اواخر سال ۲۰۲۱ به آن وارد شد فاصله دارد.

در اینجا پنج نمودار وجود دارد که نشان می دهد چشم انداز کریپتو چگونه تغییر کرده است.

بیت کوین بلوز
بیت کوین، تا کنون بزرگترین ارز دیجیتال و فشارسنج اصلی برای احساسات بازار ارزهای دیجیتال، از اول نوامبر تا کنون حدود ۳۷ درصد افزایش یافته است.

این ارز دیجیتال در سال ۲۰۲۱ در حال افزایش بود و در نوامبر همان سال به رکورد ۶۹۰۰۰ دلار رسید. اما از آنجایی که بانک‌های مرکزی شروع به افزایش نرخ‌ها در اوایل سال ۲۰۲۲ کردند، دارایی‌های پرریسک‌تر مانند ارزهای رمزپایه شروع به احساس درد کردند زیرا سرمایه‌گذاران به دنبال بازدهی بهتر در جاهای دیگر بودند.

بیت کوین در سال گذشته بیش از ۶۵ درصد از ارزش خود را از دست داد، به دلیل سقوط استیبل کوین terraUSD، که باعث شد صندوق تامینی سنگاپور Three Arrows Capital ورشکست شود و باعث ویرانی گسترده‌تری در بازارهای کریپتو شد.

چندین شرکت دیگر نیز سقوط کردند، اما سقوط FTX بیت کوین را در نوامبر سال گذشته به زیر ۱۶۰۰۰ دلار رساند. بیت کوین در اوایل امسال ضربه دیگری خورد، زمانی که بانک سیلورگیت، شریک محبوب ایالات متحده برای شرکت های رمزنگاری، اعلام کرد که تعطیل خواهد شد.

با این حال، بیت کوین تقریباً سه چهارم ارزش خود را در سال جاری به دلیل علاقه شرکت های مالی بزرگ از جمله بلک راک به دست آورده است و امیدوار است که افزایش نرخ بهره پایان یابد. روز دوشنبه حدود ۲۸۰۸۹ دلار معامله شد.

بن لایدلر، استراتژیست بازارهای جهانی در eToro می‌گوید: «نابودی FTX در پایان دوران وحشتناکی رخ داد که قبلاً شاهد سقوط بخش فناوری، نرخ‌های بهره به شدت بالاتر و آسیب‌های خود به صنعت بود.

سرمایه در حال فروپاشی بازار
پس از رسیدن به اوج ۳ تریلیون دلاری در نوامبر ۲۰۲۱، ارزش کل بازار کریپتو تا سال ۲۰۲۲ به شدت کاهش یافت و با سقوط FTX به کمترین میزان در دو سال گذشته یعنی ۷۹۶ میلیارد دلار رسید. از آن زمان تا حدودی به عقب برگشته و در بیشتر سال جاری بالای ۱ تریلیون دلار شناور بوده است.

عثمان احمد، مدیر عامل Zodia Markets، صرافی ارزهای دیجیتال بانک جهانی استاندارد چارترد (STAN.L) گفت: «مشکلات FTX بدون شک اعتماد به اکوسیستم کریپتو را به طور کلی تحت تاثیر قرار داده است.

تثبیت بیت کوین؟
بیت کوین که به دلیل نوسانات خود شناخته شده است، در سال جاری ثبات خاصی به دست آورده است.

برخی از فعالان بازار گفتند که آرامش نسبی در بازارهای کریپتو لزوما چیز خوبی نیست و خاطرنشان کردند که بسیاری از سرمایه‌گذاران دقیقاً به دلیل نوسانات کریپتو جذب می‌شوند و فرصت‌هایی برای کسب سود سریع فراهم می‌کند.

Anders Kvamme Jensen، بنیانگذار شرکت رمزنگاری AKJ گفت: “ما انتظار داریم در کوتاه مدت نوسانات کم تا متوسط را تجربه کنیم.”

گرافیک رویترز
VC CRYPTO Bets TUMBLE
سرمایه‌گذاری‌های سرمایه‌گذاری مخاطره‌آمیز (VC) در طول سال رونق آن در سال ۲۰۲۱ و حتی تا سال ۲۰۲۲ به ارزهای دیجیتال سرازیر شد. اما این شرط‌بندی‌ها در سال جاری به میزان قابل توجهی کاهش یافته است، زیرا بسیاری از شرکت‌ها در اثر فروپاشی بازار سوختند.

به گفته شرکت داده PitchBook، سرمایه‌گذاری‌های کریپتو VC ایالات متحده در سه ماهه اول سال ۲۰۲۲ به ۶.۱۲ میلیارد دلار رسید، اما در سه ماهه مشابه امسال به ۸۷۰ میلیون دلار کاهش یافت.

رابرت لی، تحلیلگر ارشد ارزهای دیجیتال در Pitchbook می‌گوید: «این کندی اساساً به دلیل شکست FTX نبود، بلکه قبلاً با فروپاشی اکوسیستم [terraUSD] در اوایل سال در جریان بود.

وی افزود: سرمایه گذاران خطرپذیر اکنون با احتیاط پیش می روند.

ناپدید شدن حجم
از زمانی که FTX شکست خورد، حجم معاملات کریپتو سقوط کرد و باعث شد تا معامله‌گرانی که جذب نقدینگی قوی بازار شده بودند، خرید و فروش توکن‌ها را متوقف کنند یا به طور کلی از بازار خارج شوند.

بر اساس گزارش CCData، محقق مستقر در لندن، در سپتامبر ۲۰۲۳، کل حجم ماهانه در بازارهای نقدی و مشتقه به ۱.۴ تریلیون دلار کاهش یافت که بیش از ۶۰ درصد نسبت به سپتامبر ۲۰۲۲ کاهش داشت. بازارهای نقطه ای بیشترین فشار را متحمل شدند و حجم معاملات با بیش از ۷۰ درصد کاهش به ۲۷۲ میلیارد دلار رسید.

در همین حال، حجم مشتقات در ۱۲ ماه از سپتامبر ۲۰۲۲ با ۶۰ درصد کاهش به ۱.۱ تریلیون دلار رسیده است.

نوئل آچسون، اقتصاددانی که از نزدیک ارزهای دیجیتال را دنبال می‌کند، می‌گوید: «خروج برخی از بازارسازان بزرگ پس از FTX، نقدینگی را به میزان قابل توجهی کاهش داد که منجر به حجم معاملات کم و نوسانات پایین شد.

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