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بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر به رژیم‌غذایی مغذی دسترسی ندارند

بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر به رژیم‌غذایی مغذی دسترسی ندارند

 بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر از جمعیت جهان نمی‌توانند از رژیم‌غذایی سالم استفاده کنند و علت آن فقط مقدار غذا نیست بلکه کیفیت غذای تولید شده است و رژیم‌غذایی متعادل برای کمک به خانواده‌های آسیب‌پذیر ضروری است تا بتوانند از گرسنگی و فقر دور باشند. ۱۶ اکتبر، روزی است که سازمان خواربار و کشاورزی ملل‌متحد

بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر به رژیم‌غذایی مغذی دسترسی ندارند

 بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر از جمعیت جهان نمی‌توانند از رژیم‌غذایی سالم استفاده کنند و علت آن فقط مقدار غذا نیست بلکه کیفیت غذای تولید شده است و رژیم‌غذایی متعادل برای کمک به خانواده‌های آسیب‌پذیر ضروری است تا بتوانند از گرسنگی و فقر دور باشند.

۱۶ اکتبر، روزی است که سازمان خواربار و کشاورزی ملل‌متحد (FAO) در سال ۱۹۴۵ تاسیس و  به‌عنوان روز غذا نامیده شد و هدف اصلی این نامگذاری، مبارزه با گرسنگی جهانی و تلاش برای ریشه‌کنی گرسنگی در سراسر جهان اعلام شده است؛ در این روز، بر آگاهی و اقدام‌ جهانی برای افرادی که از گرسنگی رنج می‌برند و نیاز به اطمینان از رژیم‌های غذایی سالم دارند ارائه می‌شود.
هدف اصلی از برگزاری روز جهانی غذا انتقال این پیام است که غذا حق اساسی بشر است.
غذا، بخش جدایی‌ناپذیر از زندگی همه موجودات است اما میلیون‌ها نفر وجود دارند که هر روز در تلاش برای تامین یک وعده‌ غذایی هستند. در حالی که از یک سو، مردم سراسر جهان برای غذاخوردن تلاش می‌کنند، افرادی هستند که غذا را اتلاف می‌کنند. با این حال، مراسم روز جهانی غذا با هدف افزایش آگاهی در مورد مسائل مربوط به فقر و گرسنگی برگزار می‌شود. همچنین برگزارکنندگان مراسم این روز قصد دارند آگاهی افراد را در مورد غذا، تغذیه و الگوهای تغذیه‌ سالم در سراسر جهان افزایش دهند.
بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر (حدود ۴۰ درصد) از جمعیت جهان نمی‌توانند از رژیم‌غذایی سالم استفاده کنند و علت آن فقط مقدار غذا نیست بلکه کیفیت غذای تولید شده است و رژیم‌غذایی متعادل برای کمک به خانواده‌های آسیب‌پذیر ضروری است تا بتوانند از گرسنگی و فقر دور باشند.
محققان اظهار کردند: در حال حاضر، وضعیت امنیت‌ غذایی جهان به‌طور قابل‌توجهی بدتر شده است و شاهد یک تناقض واقعی در زمینه دسترسی به غذا هستیم؛ بیش از ۳ میلیارد نفر به رژیم‌غذایی مغذی دسترسی ندارند، در حالی که حدود ۲ میلیارد نفر به دلیل رژیم‌ غذایی نامناسب و سبک زندگی بی‌تحرک اضافه‌وزن یا چاقی دارند.
همه و به ویژه افراد جوان در تغییر سیستم‌غذایی خود نقش دارند. جنبش‌ جهانی برای حفاظت از کره‌ زمین و تغذیه ساکنان آن به شیوه‌ای پایدار و بدون مشارکت جوانان امکان‌پذیر نیست. روز جهانی غذا خواستار همبستگی‌جهانی است تا به همه مردم به ویژه آسیب‌پذیرترین افراد  کمک کند تا از بحران رهایی یابند و برای بهبود سیستم‌ غذایی اقدامی انجام دهند. کشاورزی پایدار بخش مهمی از این اقدامات است که منابع طبیعی و آب‌وهوا را حفظ می‌کند.

تولید بهتر، تغذیه بهتر، محیط بهتر و زندگی بهتر
سازمان فائو اعلام کرد: در دهه‌های اخیر به دلیل شهرنشینی، جهانی‌شدن و افزایش درآمد مازاد، عادات‌ غذایی و رژیم‌ غذایی خود را تغییر داده‌ایم. غذایی که انتخاب می‌کنیم و نحوه مصرف آن بر سلامتی و سیاره ما همچنین بر نحوه عملکرد سیستم‌های کشاورزی و غذایی تاثیر می‌گذارد.
دبیرکل سازمان ملل‌متحد اولین اجلاس سیستم‌های غذایی را در ماه سپتامبر تشکیل می‌دهد تا اقدامات جدیدی را برای تغییر شیوه تولید و مصرف غذا در جهان آغاز کند و بتواند به اهداف توسعه پایدار بازگردد و همه ما باید بخشی از این تغییر باشیم. هدف از برگزاری این روز، تلاش برای دستیابی به یک سیستم‌ کشاورزی و غذایی پایدار است که در آن انواع غذاهای کافی، مغذی و ایمن با قیمت مناسب برای همه در دسترس باشد.
روز جهانی غذا و بیماری همه‌گیر کووید- ۱۹
برای دومین سال متوالی است که روز جهانی غذا در حالی برگزار می‌شود که مبارزه با همه‌گیری بیماری کووید- ۱۹ همچنان ادامه دارد. پیش از همه‌گیری بیماری کووید- ۱۹ نیز صدها میلیون نفر در سراسر جهان با گرسنگی مواجه بودند و این تعداد در سال گذشته به ۸۱۱ میلیون نفر افزایش یافته است. این در حالی است که جهان غذای کافی برای تغذیه همه را تولید می‌کند اما ۱۴ درصد از غذا از بین می‌رود و ۱۷ درصد نیز اتلاف می‌شود.
افزایش آگاهی از امنیت‌غذایی و تقویت همبستگی در مبارزه با گرسنگی
جشن‌های روز جهانی غذا ۲۰۲۱ از امروز آغاز شده است و در آن شرکت‌کنندگان بر این باورند که چالش‌های گرسنگی جهانی، بحران آب‌وهوا و بیماری کووید- ۱۹ همچنان وحشتناک هستند به همین دلیل یک حرکت و انرژی جدید برای تغییر سیستم‌های کشاورزی و غذایی و دستیابی به هدف مناسب است.
مدیر کل سازمان غذا و کشاورزی سازمان ملل‌متحد در سخنرانی خود به مناسبت این روز گفت: آستین‌های خود را باهم بالا زده‌ایم تا پیاده‌سازی را هدایت و تحول را ایجاد کنیم. آنتونیو گوترش، دبیرکل سازمان ملل‌متحد در سخنرانی خود بیان کرد: نحوه تولید، مصرف و هدر دادن موادغذایی به سیاره ما (منابع طبیعی، آب‌وهوا و محیط‌طبیعی) ضرر زیادی وارد می‌کند و سالانه میلیاردها دلار برای ما هزینه دارد اما قدرت تغییر در دست ماست.
گیلبرت‌اف‌هونگبو، رئیس صندوق بین‌المللی توسعه کشاورزی (IFAD) می‌گوید: برای ایجاد سیستم‌های غذایی عادلانه  باید به صدای تولیدکنندگان کوچک و جوامع روستایی گوش دهیم و به مشارکت‌های گسترده‌ای نیاز داریم که اطمینان حاصل کند کشاورزان در مقیاس کوچک برای کار خود پاداش عادلانه‌ای دریافت می‌کنند.
دیوید بیسلی، مدیر اجرایی برنامه‌ جهانی غذا گفت: ما در حال حاضر با چالش‌های بی‌سابقه‌ای در زمینه امنیت‌ غذایی جهانی مواجه هستیم. اقدامات ما آینده ماست، همه می‌توانیم قهرمانان غذا باشیم. تغییر سیستم‌های‌ غذایی باید از مصرف‌کنندگان عادی و انتخاب‌های روزانه در مورد غذاهایی که مصرف می‌کنیم و جایی که آنها را خریداری می‌کنیم (نحوه بسته‌بندی و میزان دور ریختن آنها) آغاز شود و همه اینها بر سیستم‌های غذایی ما تاثیر می‌گذارد.

سیستم‌های‌غذایی پایدار
هر ساله روز جهانی غذا توسط سازمان غذا و کشاورزی (FAO) برگزار می‌شود تا آگاهی در مورد مسائل ناشی از سیستم‌های غذایی ما را افزایش دهد. هدف‌نهایی سیستم‌غذایی جهانی، دستیابی به یک شبکه پایدار است که در آن انواع غذاهای کافی، مغذی و ایمن در دسترس و برای همه مقرون‌به‌صرفه است و هیچ فردی از گرسنگی یا سوء‌تغذیه رنج نمی‌برد. به نظر می‌رسد که بخش غذایی و کشاورزی در آینده‌ای پایدار قرار ندارد و با توجه به اینکه سیستم‌ غذایی ما یک سوم انتشار جهانی گازهای گلخانه‌ای را تشکیل می‌دهد، تغییر این امر برای کاهش تاثیرات زیست‌محیطی ما بسیار مهم است.
راهکارهایی برای کاهش اتلاف موادغذایی
خرید هوشمندانه (اجتناب از خرید اقلام اضافی)، حفظ موادغذایی (استفاده از روش‌هایی مانند خشک‌کردن و انجماد برای افزایش طول عمر موادغذایی)، نگهداری غذای اضافی (استفاده در وعده بعدی)، مصرف پوست میوه، استفاده از پوست میوه برای بارورکردن گیاهان از مهمترین راهکارها برای کاهش اتلاف موادغذایی است.
تحقیقات و توسعه هدفمند و نوآوری‌های دیجیتالی برای پیشرفت بیشتر کشاورزی و افزایش میزان سواد در بین زنان می‌تواند به میزان قابل‌توجهی به کاهش گرسنگی کمک کند. داده‌های بهتر، حاکمیت و نهادها نیز ضروری هستند زیرا FAO با شرکای خود مسیرهای ملی خود را برای تغییر ایجاد می‌کند ازجمله برنامه‌های شاخص FAO، ابتکار دست در دست است که با هدف افزایش تحولات روستایی، سیستم‌های غذایی شهری و سیستم‌های کشاورزی و کشاورزی مقاوم با افزایش سرمایه‌گذاری انجام می‌شود.
بر اساس برآوردهای فائو (FAO) تا سال ۲۰۳۰ برای از بین بردن گرسنگی به ۴۰ تا ۵۰ میلیارد دلار سرمایه‌گذاری در زمینه مداخلات هدفمند نیاز است. بسیاری از طرح‌های کم‌هزینه و تاثیرگذار می‌توانند به صدها میلیون نفر از مردم در تامین بهتر نیازهای‌ غذایی خود کمک کنند.
منابع
 
indiatoday.in
hindustantimes.com
foodforwardsa.org
wfp.org
selfhelpafrica.org
polestarglobal.com
jagrantv.com
timesnownews.com
منبع: ایسنا

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