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شوآف‌های اینستاگرامی؛ سرپوشی بر کشمکش‌های درونی افراد

شوآف‌های اینستاگرامی؛ سرپوشی بر کشمکش‌های درونی افراد

ایسنا/خراسان رضوی یک روانشناس گفت: شبکه‌های اجتماعی مثل اینستاگرام مفری بر بن‌بست تنهایی، دری برای به تصویر کشیدن زیبایی‌هایی که در واقعیت وجود ندارند، مسکنی بر روابط زوجی از هم پاشیده، سکونی بر تشویش‌های حل نشده، پوششی بر علم کسب نشده و… هستند. عطیه تقوی‌ بجنوردی در گفت‌وگو با ایسنا، اظهار کرد: تصویر شام و ناهار

شوآف‌های اینستاگرامی؛ سرپوشی بر کشمکش‌های درونی افراد

ایسنا/خراسان رضوی یک روانشناس گفت: شبکه‌های اجتماعی مثل اینستاگرام مفری بر بن‌بست تنهایی، دری برای به تصویر کشیدن زیبایی‌هایی که در واقعیت وجود ندارند، مسکنی بر روابط زوجی از هم پاشیده، سکونی بر تشویش‌های حل نشده، پوششی بر علم کسب نشده و… هستند.

عطیه تقوی‌ بجنوردی در گفت‌وگو با ایسنا، اظهار کرد: تصویر شام و ناهار مفصلی که با همسر و دوستان صرف شده، لباس جدیدی که به تازگی تهیه شده، کافه‌های شیک و رستوران‌های مجلل، تصویر سفرهای خارجی، لحظات عاشقانه و خلوت‌های دونفره، روند رشد طبیعی و شیطنت‌های کودکان و… این خودنمایی‌ها و میل به دیده شدن در اکثر مواقع خبر از مسائل نگران‌کننده‌ای می‌دهد. شادی و آرامش حقیقی و حتی فراز و نشیب طبیعی در یک زندگی نرمال مجال به نمایش گذاشتن لحظات تلخ یا شیرین زندگی را به افراد دارای سلامت روان مناسب نمی‌دهد. گاهی افراد به ناچار برای مقابله سطحی یا سرپوش گذاشتن روی اضطراب، افسردگی‌ و دیگر معضلات روانشناختی دست به دامن تایید طلبی و توجه طلبی می شوند. لایک و کامنت‌هایی که موقتاَ حس رضایت و شادمانی می‌دهند و پوششی می‌شوند روی واقعیات یا کشمکش‌های درونی‌، اضطراب وجودی، عدم عزت نفس، حس بی‌کفایتی و یا تعارضات پیچیده و حل‌نشده در روابط.

وی با بیان اینکه انسان عصر مدرنیته برای مسائل به دنبال راه‌حل‌های سطحی، سریع و موقت است، گفت: انسان عصرمدرنیته از روبه‌رو شدن با کنه واقعیت و آسیب‌ها هراس دارد و گاهی مضطرب می‌شود. شبکه‌های اجتماعی مثل اینستاگرام مفری بر بن‌بست تنهایی ، دری برای به تصویر کشیدن زیبایی‌هایی که در واقعیت وجود ندارند، مسکنی بر روابط زوجی از هم پاشیده، سکونی بر تشویش‌های حل ‌نشده، پوششی بر علم کسب نشده و …. هستند. توانایی روبه‌رو شدن، آگاه شدن، پذیرش و در نهایت درمان زخم‌ها و رنج‌های زندگی در عصر جدید مهارتی است که همه‌ ما به آن نیاز داریم و صد البته که در این راه کمک متخصصین حوزه روانشناختی نیز ضروری‌ است.

تقوی بجنوردی ضمن بیان اینکه وقت‌گذرانی در فضای مجازی خیلی بیشتر از قبل و به صورت اجتناب‌ناپذیری وارد زندگی‌ روزمره‌مان شده است، گفت: همه ما می‌دانیم که انسان موجودی اجتماعی‌ است و نیاز به تعامل و برقراری ارتباط با دیگران دارد. دنیای امروز و مشغله‌های فراوان به قدر کافی فرصت همنشینی و مراوده را از ما گرفته بود تا اینکه با شیوع کرونا همین فرصت اندک نیز از دست رفت. به همین دلیل وقت‌گذرانی در فضای مجازی خیلی بیشتر از قبل و به صورت اجتناب‌ناپذیری وارد زندگی‌ روزمره‌ ما شده است.

وی خاطرنشان کرد: در این میان اینستاگرام بستر مناسب‌تری از سایر پلت‌فرم‌ها فراهم کرد تا با برقراری ارتباط، به اشتراگ گذاشتن تصاویر، بررسی بازخوردها و ایجاد روابط وسیع سرگرمی مناسبی برای اوقات فراغت‌مان شود و در عین حال ما را از احوالات اطرافیان‌مان بی‌خبر نگذارد.

وی در خصوص مزایای شبکه اجتماعی اینستاگرام، گفت: از جمله مزایای اینستاگرام می‌توان به تبلیغات با حداقل هزینه، امکان بازاریابی، فروش آنلاین، تبلیغ کسب و کارهای خانگی، معرفی و نمایش استعدادها و قابلیت‌ها و بسیاری موارد دیگر اشاره کرد. در این بین پیج‌های آموزشی نیز با پر کردن اوقات فراغت مخاطبین فضایی ایجاد می‌کنند تا به صورت رایگان از آموزش‌های آنها بهره ببریم.

این مدرس دانشگاه افزود: اینستاگرام نیز مثل هر اپلیکیشن اجتماعی دیگری با دعوت از افراد به دنیای مجازی تا مدتی آنها را مجذوب سازوکار خود می‌کند و در صورت غفلت از نحوه‌ استفاده صحیح از این ابزار خیلی زود گرفتار آسیب‌ها و معایب آن می‌شویم.

وی ضمن تاکید بر اینکه یکی از اصلی‌ترین مضرات این اپلیکیشن ایجاد فضایی برای نمایش دادن سبک زندگی است، گفت: شاید در ابتدا اینطور به نظر بیاید که این قابلیت یکی از اهداف چنین اپلیکیشنی بوده و میلیون‌ها کاربر در فضای مجازی با استفاده از قابلیت به اشتراک گذاشتن تصاویر در اینستاگرام به یکی از نیازهای طبیعی خود که نیاز به توجه است پاسخ می‌دهند و صحبت از آسیب و انتقاد محلی از اعراب ندارد، اما سوال این است که آیا این شیوه ارضای نیاز در فضای عمومی با مخاطبین زیاد در طولانی مدت سالم است؟

تقوی بجنوردی افزود: با وجود همگانی شدن این ابزار و استفاده اکثریت به خصوص قشر جوان و نوجوان و حتی کودکان آگاهی‌بخشی و انتقاد از عملکرد برخی پیج‌ها از منظر روانشناختی و جامعه‌شناسی کاملا ضروری و مفید است.

حقیقت زندگی ژرف‌تر از تصاویر اینستاگرامی است

وی با بیان اینکه اکثر افراد جنبه‌های مثبت، لاکچری و لوکس زندگی خود را در قالب فیلم، پست و استوری منتشر می‌کنند، گفت: گاهی اوقات افراد بعد از دریافت بازخوردهای وسیعِ مثبت شامل لایک و کامنت از سوی اکانت‌های مختلف توجه مثبتی را دریافت می‌کنند که آن را تشویقی بر عملکرد خود می‌دانند. حال آنکه این عملکرد صرفا بخش کوچکی از روزمره‌ یک زندگی را به تصویر کشیده و قطعاَ حقیقت زندگی بسیار ژرف‌تر از این تصاویراست. این افراد به دلیل دریافت توجه باز هم در مسیری که پذیرش بیشتری دارد، قدم می‌گذارند و پس از مدتی تنها جنبه‌های مثبت، لاکچری و لوکس زندگی خود را در قالب فیلم، پست و استوری منتشر می‌کنند. تصویر شام و ناهار مفصلی که با همسر و دوستان صرف شده، لباس جدیدی که به تازگی تهیه شده، کافه‌های شیک و رستوران‌های مجلل، تصویر سفرهای خارجی، لحظات عاشقانه و خلوت‌های دونفره، روند رشد طبیعی و شیطنت‌های کودکان و… .این خودنمایی‌ها و میل به دیده شدن در اکثر مواقع خبر از مسائل نگران‌کننده دیگری می‌دهد.

این کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره خانواده در خصوص شوآف و خودنمایی در فضای مجازی گفت: مساله خودنمایی و به اصطلاح عامیانه شوآف فقط در زمینه مصرف‌گرایی و تجملات یا نمایش روابط والد-فرزندی و زوجی نیست. خیلی اوقات مسئولین یا متخصصین حوزه‌های مختلف نیز صرفا با اعتراض‌های نمادین، انتقادهای مجازی یا آموزش‌های سطحی به دنبال کسب توجه از سوی دنبال‌کننده‌ها هستند و در واقعیت در لایه‌ محافظه‌کارانه و منفعلانه نسبت به اتفاقات واقعی پیرامون‌شان زندگی می‌کنند.

وی خاطرنشان کرد: آنچه مهم است، این است که فضای اینستاگرام بستری را برای افراد فراهم می‌کند تا با خیال آسوده از نمایش بخش‌های خوشایند زندگی‌شان به آرامش کاذب برسند. در این بین دنبال‌کننده‌های اینفلوئنسرها نیز با مقایسه زندگی خودشان با سایرین حس عدم کفایت و نارضایتی را تجربه می‌کنند و اگر از این فضای مخرب فاصله نگیرند قطعا قربانی دنیای تصویری افراد مجازی می‌شوند. افرادی که ناخودآگاه بیشترین تاثیر را در زندگی آنها ایجاد می‌کنند، همان‌ها که حتی یک بار در دنیای واقعی باهم تعاملی نداشتند.

تقوی بجنوردی با بیان اینکه تاثیر این فضا روی روابط زوجین نیز بسیار حائز اهمیت است، گفت: زوجین به خصوص در سال‌های اولیه زندگی با چالش‌های فراوانی روبه‌رو می‌شوند که در هر زندگی‌ای جنس و ماهیت کاملا منحصر به فرد و ویژه‌ای دارد، اما در فضایی مثل اینستاگرام که افراد با بازخوردهای‌شان با هم تعامل برقرار می‌کنند فرصتی فراهم می‌شود که بدون بررسی دقیق و رسیدگی به جزئیات رابطه و مشکلات، صرفا قسمت‌های خوشایند رابطه دیگران را مشاهده کنند  و به تبادل نظر و نمایش گذاشتن روزمره‌گی‌های زندگی ترغیب شوند. فضایی که افراد ترجیح می‌دهند نمایش بی‌کم و کاستی از صمیمیت، شادی و عشق را در معرض عموم قرار دهند و هر روز از روابط واقعی و باکیفیت فاصله‌ بیشتری می‌گیرند.

وی با بیان اینکه یکی دیگر از حوزه‌های مخرب رفتارهای نمایشی در اینستاگرام استفاده از تصاویر یا فیلم‌های کودکان است، گفت: والدین این کودکان درک درستی از حقوق کودکان ندارند و آنها را بخشی از مایملک خود می‌دانند. روانِ کودکانی که تا قبل از رسیدن به سن قانونی و صاحب اختیار شدن توسط والدین‌شان به فضای مجازی راه پیدا می‌کنند، بسیار مستعد ابتلا به اختلال‌های شخصیت به ویژه اختلال شخصیت نمایشی و خودشیفته می‌شود. ذهن کودک همچون والدینش رابطه‌ موهوم بین لایک و فالوور بیشتر با پذیرفتنی و دوست داشتنی بودن را به خوبی دریافت می‌کند. علاوه بر غیراخلاقی و غیر قانونی بودن این امر در اکثر جوامع، چنین عملکردی باعث ایجاد آسیب‌های جدی در شخصیت فردی و اجتماعی کودک در آینده می‌شود.

این مدرس دانشگاه خاطرنشان کرد: بهتر است با آگاهی بیشتر نسبت به ابزارهای اجتماعی که زمان‌های زیادی را در آنها می‌گذرانیم از خطر جدی آسیب‌های روانی روی خودمان و اطرافیان‌مان پیشگیری کنیم و نسبت به آشفتگی، اضطراب، گوشه‌گیری و یا وابستگی‌های اعتیادآور نسبت به استفاده از این اپلیکیشن‌ها بی‌تفاوت نباشیم و برای آگاهی یافتن و درمان از کمک افراد متخصص بهره بگیریم.

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