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یک استاد ژئوپلیتیک دانشگاه خوارزمی با بیان اینکه سیل اخیر باعث شد برای اولین بار در کشور ۱۰ شهرستان اخطار تخلیه دریافت کنند افزود: اما در کنار تمامی اتفاقات منفی و ناراحت کننده، باید اتفاقات مثبت را هم ببینیم، بسیاری از تالاب‌های ما بعد از چند سال خشکی آبگیری شده و زندگی به آنها برگشته

یک استاد ژئوپلیتیک دانشگاه خوارزمی با بیان اینکه سیل اخیر باعث شد برای اولین بار در کشور ۱۰ شهرستان اخطار تخلیه دریافت کنند افزود: اما در کنار تمامی اتفاقات منفی و ناراحت کننده، باید اتفاقات مثبت را هم ببینیم، بسیاری از تالاب‌های ما بعد از چند سال خشکی آبگیری شده و زندگی به آنها برگشته است؛ سدهای حوضه زاگرس تقریبا همگی پر شده و دریچه‌های آنها باز شده و به نظر می‌رسد امسال تنش آبی کمتری خواهیم داشت و کانون‌های تولید ریزگرد هم کمتر خواهد شد. منبع: ایسنا

مراد کاویانی‌راد در گفت و گو با خبرنگار ایسنا منطقه البرز گفت: آمار و داده‌ها نشان از این دارد که در چند سال اخیر میزان خسارات بلایای طبیعی در کشور ما رو به افزایش بوده است و هزینه‌های مالی و جانی زیادی را بر دوش جامعه گذاشته است که تغییر اقلیم و دست اندازی بشر در طبیعت عوامل اصلی این افزایش بوده است‌.

کاویانی‌راد به تغییر الگوی بارش در کشور به عنوان یکی از عوامل بروز سیل نوروز ۹۸ اشاره و خاطرنشان کرد: تغییر الگوی بارش یعنی تبدیل بارش برف به باران و تبدیل باران به رگبارهای سیل آسا، که این تغییر در نبود آمادگی‌های قانونی و زیر ساختی باعث افزایش خسارت سیل می‌شود.

وی در ادامه اظهار داشت: در چنین شرایطی رودخانه‌های دائمی ما به رودخانه‌های فصلی تبدیل شده و آب ورودی به سدها هم به شدت کاهش پیدا کرده است.

کاویانی‌راد در ادامه دست اندازی به حریم رودها را عاملی دیگر برای بروز سیل عنوان کرد و افزود: دست اندازی به حریم رودخانه‌ها به سبب خشک شدن این رودهای دائمی و یا فصلی در قالب زمین‌های کشاورزی و یا زمین‌های تصرفی نهادها وسازمان‌ها باعث از بین رفتن مسیل رود شده است.

این استاد دانشگاه خوارزمی شدت بارش‌های اخیر علی‌رغم پیش‌بینی‌های سازمان هواشناسی را یادآور شد و گفت: بارش‌ها در شمال به طور جدی از  دهه سوم اسفند ماه آغاز شد به طوری که در برخی مناطق ظرف ۲۴ ساعت حدود ۳۰۰ میلیمتر بارش داشتیم، علت این حجم از بارش بی سابقه فعال شدن توده‌های اقلیمی دریای سرخ و دریای مدیترانه بود که باعث آسیب فراوان به استان‌های کشاورزی‌پایه شده است.

وی در ادامه افزود: ما حتی شاهد آسیب به مرغداری‌ها، استخرهای پرورش ماهی و آبزیان بودیم و در برخی مناطق آسیب‌های جدی به زنبورداری‌ها وارده شده است. این حجم از آسیب باعث به خطر افتادن امنیت شغلی و حتی امنیت غذایی در این استان‌ها شده است.

کاویانی‌راد اضافه کرد: یکی دیگر از مسائلی که باعث افزایش خسارت سیل شده بروز آن در تعطیلات است که متاسفانه بسیاری از کارگزاران و مسئولین در پست‌های خود حضور نداشتند.

این استاد ژئوپلوتیک دانشگاه خوارزمی با بیان اینکه در سیل اخیر فرسایش خاک زیادی هم رخ داد گفت: طبق آمار، در سیل اخیر حدود ۷۰۰ هزار هکتار زمین کشاورزی از بین رفته است.

کاویانی‌راد افزود: در این میان مسئولین مدیریت بحران کشور سعی در متهم کردن یک دیگر در کم کاری هستند، البته این نکته وجود دارد که تا کنون کشور تجربه وقوع سیل در این مقیاس را نداشته و قاعدتا  آمادگی برخورد نداشته‌ایم.

وی از روند امدادرسانی به مناطق سیل‌زده هم گفت و تصریح کرد: بعد از زلزله کرمانشاه موجی از عدم اعتماد به نهادهای این چنینی کشور را فرا گرفت و هنوز هم این ضعف اعتماد دیده می‌شود،  این تجربه در وضعیتی که مقامات مختلف در رقابت برای طرح اتهام علیه هم هستند باعث دامن زدن به بی اعتمادی شده که این موضوع در سرعت امدادرسانی اثرگذار است.

کاویانی‌راد با بیان اینکه حجم وسیع و بی سابقه سیل باعث شد کشورهای خارجی هم برای کمک داوطلب شوند گفت: اما در این میان مانع بزرگی به نام آمریکا وجود دارد که باعث شده کشورهای خارجی و حتی اتحادیه اروپا هم از کمک به ایران هراس داشته باشند.

وی به نقش مسئولان محلی هم در افزایش خسارات سیل اشاره کرد و گفت: وجود کارگزاران محلی ناکارآمد و آموزش ندیده باعث آسیب به محیط زیست می‌شود و بستر این گونه وقایع را فراهم می‌کند این در حالی است که مسئولین باید در حفظ حریم رودها بکوشند و لایروبی رودها را به طور منظم انجام دهند و یک بازنگری جدی در مناطق حساس داشته باشند و به مکان ‎ یابی نادرست ادامه ندهند.

این استاد دانشگاه خوارزمی با بیان اینکه سیل اخیر باعث شد برای اولین بار در کشور ۱۰ شهرستان اخطار تخلیه دریافت کنند افزود: اما در کنار تمامی اتفاقات منفی و ناراحت کننده، باید اتفاقات مثبت را هم ببینیم، بسیاری از تالاب‌های ما بعد از چند سال خشکی آبگیری شده و زندگی به آنها برگشته است؛ سدهای حوضه زاگرس تقریبا همگی پر شده و دریچه‌های آنها باز شده است و به نظر می‌رسد امسال تنش آبی کمتری خواهیم داشت و کانون‌های تولید ریزگرد هم کمتر خواهد شد.

کاویانی اظهار داشت: البته اینکه تنش آبی کمتری خواهیم داشت به معنی نبود تنش نیست، در مناطقی مانندسیستان پلوچستان، یزد، شرق اصفهان و کرمان هنوز هم مشکل آب وجود دارد.

وی در پایان اظهار داشت: در حال حاضر نباید به دنبال مقصر باشیم بلکه همه ارگان‌ها، رسانه‌ها، آموزش پرورش و … باید برای اطلاع رسانی و آموزش بکوشند زیرا ممکن است سیل سال دیگر هم‌ به همین صورت رخ بدهد بنابراین باید تلاش کنیم تا علاوه بر جلوگیری از خسار ، بهره‌وری خوبی از آن داشته باشیم.منبع: ایسنا

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