تاریخ انتشار : سه شنبه 12 مرداد 1400 - 14:14
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توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در تهران الگویی برای سایر کلانشهرهای کشور باشد

توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در تهران الگویی برای سایر کلانشهرهای کشور باشد

رییس کمیسیون شهرسازی شورای شهر تهران با اشاره به تلاش شورای شهر تهران برای جلوگیری از شهر فروشی در دوره پنجم گفت: توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در تهران، می تواند الگویی برای سایر کلانشهرهای کشور باشد. به گزارش ایسنا، محمد سالاری در تشریح عملکرد کمیسیون شهرسازی در پنجمین دوره شورای شهر تهران گفت: خداوند متعال

توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در تهران الگویی برای سایر کلانشهرهای کشور باشد

رییس کمیسیون شهرسازی شورای شهر تهران با اشاره به تلاش شورای شهر تهران برای جلوگیری از شهر فروشی در دوره پنجم گفت: توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در تهران، می تواند الگویی برای سایر کلانشهرهای کشور باشد.

به گزارش ایسنا، محمد سالاری در تشریح عملکرد کمیسیون شهرسازی در پنجمین دوره شورای شهر تهران گفت: خداوند متعال و تک تک همکاران، کارشناسان، مشاوران و صاحب نظران حوزه شهرسازی و معماری و مدیریت شهری در شورا و شهرداری تهران و سایر سازمان ها و نهادهای مرتبط در جامعه حرفه ای و مدنی را به شهادت می طلبم که در این دو دوره آنچه را که در توان داشتم برای ایفای وظایف نمایندگی ام به میدان آوردم، اگرچه مطمئنا قصور و اشکالات زیادی بر بنده در این کارزار وارد بوده و است.

وی افزود: از آنجاییکه به هنگام حضور بنده در دوره چهارم شورای شهر، برای پیگیری و تحقق ماموریت های مدیریت شهرسازی و معماری کمیسیونی مستقل وجود نداشت، در گام اول پیشنهاد ایجاد کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری را علی رغم مخالفت های جدی در آن زمان، پیش بردم و بعد از رسمی شدن فعالیت شورای چهارم، با همراهی جناب آقای مسجد جامعی به عنوان رییس سال اول دوره چهارم، این مهم محقق شد. در دیدار اعضای شورای چهارم و مدیران شهرداری تهران با مقام معظم رهبری و پس از ارائه گزارش رییس شورا به ایشان مبنی بر ایجاد کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری، این اقدام به شدت مورد استقبال رهبری قرار گرفت و صراحتاً از این کمیسیون نام بردند و بخش قابل توجهی از بیاناتشان معطوف به اهمیت و ضرورت تحقق ماموریت های شهرسازی و معماری بود.

وی ادامه داد: شهر نفروشی و حرکت به سمت شهرسازی انسانگرا، ابر پروژه مدیریت شهری دوره پنجم بود. خدارا شاکرم که پس از دو دوره حضور در جایگاه مسئول کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری با همکاری این کمیسیون و جامعه حرفه ای و دانشگاهی کشور و به خصوص در دوره پنجم شورا با همراهی مسئولانه و خردمندانه همکارانم سرکارخانم دکتر زهرا نژادبهرام و جناب آقای دکتر علی اعطاء و کارشناسان و مشاورین همراه، توانستیم اهمیت و ضرورت تحقق ماموریت های شهرسازی و معماری را به خوبی تبیین و تا حد زیادی نهادینه کنیم، به نحوی که امروز در پایان مدیریت شهری دوره پنجم، مهمترین ابر پروژه این دوره شهر نفروشی و حرکت به سمت شهرسازی انسانگرا و شهر انسان محور قلمداد می شود.

کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری شورای شهر تهران در مقطعی از تاریخ فعالیت خود را آغاز کرد که سالها بود کلانشهر تهران و سایر کلانشهرهای ایران در گردابی از چالش های در هم تنیده در حوزه شهرسازی و معماری، از قربانی شدن سرانه های خدماتی به نفع بارگذاری های انبوه تا خودرو محوری، بی ضابطگی، رانت، امضاهای طلایی، سوداگری و فساد و بی توجهی به حقوق عمومی گرفتار شده بود و معاونت شهرسازی و معماری و ادارات کل مربوطه که رسالت صیانت و پیگیری تحقق مفاد طرح های جامع و تفصیلی و مقررات و قوانین شهرسازی و معماری را برعهده داشت. عملا از مسیر و ریل اصلی خود خارج و در خلع برنامه جامع اقتصاد پایدار به محملی با هدف درآمدزایی شهر تهران تبدیل شده بود و منشاء ایجاد فساد و رانت و سوداگری و تبلور امضاهای طلایی و نهادینه شدن نگاه کالایی و از دست رفتن ظرفیت های زیستی شهر شده بود.

وی تاکید کرد: نگاه تک بعدی و تقلیل گرایانه به شهرها، علت العلل مصائب حوزه شهرسازی و معماری است. علت العلل چالش ها و مصائب حوزه شهرسازی و معماری در شهر تهران و سایر کلانشهرهای ایران، نگاه تک بعدی و تقلیل گرایانه به شهرها بوده و هست، چرا که این نگاه باور دارد شهر صرفاً یک بستر کالبدی و فضاهای شهری کالا هستند که باید آنرا برای کسب درآمد و سود آوری ساخت و فروخت و نتیجه این نگاه، شهری دو قطبی شده با شهروندانی بیگانه است. به نحوی که همه ظرفیت های آن اعم از فضای باز و سبز و عرصه های طبیعی و تاریخی و قلمروهای عمومی بایستی به منظور کسب درآمد و سوداگری و ارتقای سیاسی مدیران شهر و پول پاشی و اعتبار خریدن سیاسی مصرف می شود  و  غریبه ترین مفاهیم چنین شهری مغفول ماندن مصلحت جمعی، حقوق عمومی و کیفیت زندگی برای انسانهای شهر است.
به گفته سالاری، متاسفانه طی دهه های گذشته به دلیل فقدان یک برنامه مصوب برای اقتصاد شهرها، چرخه شهر فروشی با توسل شهرداری تهران و سایر کلانشهرها به درآمدزایی به هر قیمتی در تمامی ابعاد آن نهادینه شد، به نحوی که در فرایند تصویب طرح های جامع و تفصیلی و نیز تصمیم گیری های بعد از ابلاغ این طرح ها نظیر تصمیمات کمیسیون ماده ۵، ماده صد، شوراهای معماری و شوراهای توافقات و ملاقاتهای به اصطلاح مردمی مدیران شهرداری، شاهد این نگاه درآمدزایی و کسب درآمد از فضاهای شهری آنهم بدون توجه به آثار و تبعات سوء آن بوده ایم، یکی از عوامل تشدید کننده شهر فروشی، فراهم کردن امکان سوداگری برای طیف های وسیعی از بنگاه ها، اشخاص حقیق و حقوقی و نهادها بوده است که در اصل به عنوان اقلیت محض جامعه، بیشترین سود و درآمدزایی را در فضای بی ضابطگی و جایگزینی روابط شخصی و بخشی به جای قانون و مصالح عمومی به نفع خود فراهم کردند.

وی تصریح کرد: این رویکرد و نگاه آنچنان در پوست و استخوان این شهر و ذینفعان آن و بخصوص شهرداری ها جذاب و عرفی سازی می شود که عملا به دلیل وابستگی شدید منابع درآمدی شهرداریها به شهرسازی از یک سو و منافع سوداگرانه قابل توجهی که برای دست اندرکاران این حوزه داشته از سوی دیگر، امکان هرگونه اصلاح و تغییر ریل به سمت و سوی حقوق عمومی و ملاک عمل قرار گرفتن قوانین شهرسازی و طرح های جامع و تفصیلی محال و غیرقابل دسترس به نظر می رسد.

رییس کمیسیون شهرسازی شورای شهر تهران گفت: در چنین شرایط و بستری، از همان زمان شکل گیری کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری بویژه پس از روی کار آمدن مدیریت شهری دوره پنجم تغییر ریل و تغییر پارادایم از شهرسازی سوداگرا به شهرسازی انسانگرا به اولویت جدی تبدیل شد.
وی افزود: گفتمان سازی برای تغییر، نگرش مدیران شهری و بستر عمومی جامعه شد. در گام ابتدایی ضرورت داشت تا با کمک تشکل های حرفه ای و مدنی، نسبت به گفتمان سازی برای تغییر نگرش در بین مدیران شهری و بستر عمومی جامعه اقدام شود تا این مهم به دغدغه و مطالبه عمومی برسد. کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری تلاش کرد با مشارکت دهی واقعی و موثر تمامی ذینفعان شهر به خصوص جامعه حرفه ای و رسانه ها و با برگزاری سلسله جلسات، نشست ها و همایش ها، مسائل و مشکلات و چالش ها را شناسایی و اهمیت تحقق ماموریت های شهرسازی و معماری در حل این مسائل و حرکت به سمت شهر انسان محور و ارتقای کیفیت زندگی را در گستره وسیعی تبیین کند.

توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در تهران، الگویی برای سایر کلانشهرها

وی ادامه داد: توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در اداره شهر تهران می تواند الگویی برای اداره کل شهرهای کشور باشد. کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری و شورای پنجم کارنامه پاکدستی و اقدامات ارزشمند خود را ارج می نهد، چرا که کار بسیار بزرگی انجام داده است و مناسبات رانت و بی قانونی و تخلفات را از سفره شهر جمع کرده است، کاری که تا کنون خیلی از نهادها و مدیران در برنامه های خود بارها بیان کردند ولی در میدان عمل با توجه به فشار سوداگران نتوانستند مقاومت کنند و خود نیز آلوده به این چرخه باطل و فساد شدند.

وی افزود: قصه شهر فروشی غصه است و از جایی شروع شد که  شهرداری ها را بدون در آمد جایگزین، خودکفا کردند ، مثل فرزندی از خانواده که در سن کم و بدون شغل و درآمد از خانواده جدا شود و به او بگویند باید  به هر شیوه و هر قیمتی درآمدزایی داشته باشد که قطعا به بزهکاری و فساد و دزدی روی می آورد. در شهرداری نیز درآمدزایی به هر شیوه و قیمتی در شهر موجب شد که شهرفروشی در تمامی ابعاد در شهر تهران و سایر شهرها نهادینه شود.  شهرفروشی در تمامی ابعاد یعنی نگاه به شهر مثل کالایی باشد که ارزش مبادله دارد نه ارزش استفاده و باید بگونه ای مبادله شود که سود را زیاد کند .یعنی توجه به کمبود سرانه ها و حفظ میراث تاریخی و…چون سود شهرداری را زیاد نمی کند، اهمیت ندارد، ولی ساخت و ساز و بارگذاری های انبوه و بی رویه، فروش فضاهای شهری و…. سودآور و در اولویت هستند.

وی تاکید کرد: لذا در شهر کمیت ساخت و سودآوری در تقابل با کیفیت قرار می گیرد  و با تغییر کاربری ها  و تراکم فروشی های بی ضابطه ، بارگذاری در باغات انبوه  و….بسرعت  قارچ گونه کل شهر را فرا می گیرد و شهر را فقط بستر کالبدی می داند و سازمان اجتماعی و شهروندان شهر را رها می کند . سوداگری نیز عامل تشدید کننده شهرفروشی می شود و  شهرداری عملا بی قانونی و تخلفات در شهر را تبدیل به عرف و ارزش کرده  و حتی مطالبه مردم هم به سمت بی قانونی حرکت می کند. لذا در پی این بی قانونی گسترده، آینده شهر به فروش می رود ، زمین، هوای پاک و … که حق همه مردم  است یکی پس از دیگری به نفع درآمدزایی برای اقلیت محض از بین می رود و شهر برای جبران تبعات حاصل از شهر فروشی ناگزیر و چندباره تن به این دور باطل شهرفروشی می دهد.

سالاری تصریح کرد: کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری با همراهی کلیت شورای پنجم و شهرداری مهمترین کاری که انجام داد این بود که این چرخه باطل شهرفروشی را به رسمیت نشناخت و به آن تن نداد و حتی جلوی ضربات سوداگرانه افراد و نهادها ایستاد و رویکرد خود را صیانت از حقوق عمومی و حق به شهر قرار داد. در این رویکردها، ضدارزش ها و ارزش ها به کلی دگرگون می شوند و توجه به رویکرد شهرسازی سوداگرا جای خود را به شهرسازی انسانگرا داد که در آن منفعت عمومی شهر و شهروندان، توجه به  هویت و ارزش های معنوی و فرهنگی شهر، کیفیت زندگی در شهر ، ایمن سازی ساختمان ها و تاب آوری شهری، بازآفرینی شهری ، توجه ویژه به ظرفیت های کیفی طرح تفصیلی، انضباط بخشی به حوزه شهرسازی، مبارزه با رانت و فساد و بی قانونی با شفاف سازی به عنوان ارزش تلقی می شود.

مبارزه با فساد و رانت با پیاده سازی شفافیت، قانون و کیفیت

سالاری در بخش دیگری از صحبت های خود افزود: عملکرد حوزه شهرسازی و معماری و کلیت شورای پنجم نشان داد که نگاه‌ها و رویکردهایی که بر نحوه حکمرانی کلان و مدیریت‌های شهری در ایران حاکم شده است، باعث اینهمه مشکلات برای شهرها شده است و می توان از رویکردهای شورای پنجم در اداره شهر تهران در وضعیت بحرانی تجربه های بسیار آموخت.می توان از الگو و تجربه اداره شهرتهران در مبارزه با فساد و رانت و  با پیاده سازی شفافیت و قانون و کیفیت برای سایر حوزه ها استفاده کرد.

وی ادامه داد: امروز می توانیم ادعا کنیم که توقف چرخه باطل شهرفروشی در اداره شهر تهران می تواند به عنوان الگو در کلانشهرها و شهرهای ایران و فراتر از شهرداری و شورا بلکه در سطح کلان اداره کشور نیز در برخی ابعاد پیاده سازی گردد و از این بابت خدا را شاکریم.کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری ضمن مبارزه با شهرفروشی، با اولویت قرار دادن طرح های توسعه شهری اعم از طرح های جامع، تفصیلی، موضعی و موضوعی تلاش کرد، تکالیف برجای مانده آنها که به جای کمیت گرایی و درآمدزایی تولید کیفیت و ارزش می کنند را در اولویت قرار داده و بخش قابل توجهی از آن را پیاده سازی کند.

مدیریت شهری تهران پیشگام در حوزه بازآفرینی شهری

وی تاکید کرد: حوزه شهرسازی و معماری مدیریت شهری تهران به عنوان یکی از پیشگام ترین شهرها در نهادینه و عملیاتی کردن حوزه بازآفرینی شهری و جایگزینی آن با رویکرد درجاسازی و تخریب و نوسازی در بافت های فرسوده و ناکار آمد، اقدامات بسیار ماندگاری را به سرانجام رساند و در راستای توجه به ارتقای کیفیت زندگی، توسعه عرصه ها و قلمروهای عمومی و مناسب سازی فضاهای شهری را در اولویت جدی قرار داد و توفیقات ارزشمندی را به ارمغان آورد.

وی ادامه داد: توجه به هویت و ارزش های تاریخی، ساماندهی سیما و منظر شهری و همچنین صیانت از باغات، فضاهای سبز و باز و لغو مصوبه برج باغ از جمله دیگر اولویت ها و توفیقات حوزه شهرسازی و معماری با همکاری سایر کمیسیون ها و اعضای شورا و مدیران شهرداری بود. جایگزینی رویکردهای نرم افرازی بجای رویکردهای صرفاً سخت افزاری در این دوره باعث شد تا تاب آوری و ایمن سازی شهر و ارتقای کیفیت ساخت و ساز از جمله مهمترین اولویت ها در همکاری با سایر سازمانها و نهاد های ذیربط باشد.

تعیین عوارض صدور پروانه مبتنی بر عدالت اجتماعی و مرغوبیت مکانی شد

سالاری گفت: کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری با ارائه طرحی برای اولین بار در تاریخ این شهر و کشور تعیین عوارض صدور پروانه مبتنی بر عدالت اجتماعی و مرغوبیت مکانی آنهم در مقیاس تمامی پارسل های شهر تهران را با همکاری کلیت شورا به تصویب رساند و با ارائه لایحه معاونت شهرسازی و معماری در این خصوص سهم  قابل توجهی از آن در تعیین عوارض سال ۱۴۰۰ در راستای تحقق عدالت اجتماعی عملیاتی شد. از جمله سایر دستاوردهای حوزه شهرسازی و معماری حفاظت و صیانت از حریم شهر تهران بوده که در این راستا بیشترین اهتمام را داشته به نحوی که تمامی نهادهای نظارتی کشور به آن اذعان کرده اند.

نهادسازی برای تحقق ماموریت های حوزه شهر سازی و معماری

وی افزود: نهایتاً به دلیل عدم تحقق مدیریت یکپارچه و هماهنگ شهری، نهادسازی های فراسازمانی برای تحقق ماموریت های شهرسازی و معماری و الگو قرار گرفتن آنها در کل کشور از جمله رویکردهای کمیسیون شهرسازی و معماری شورای شهر تهران بود که تشکیل نهاد پایش و راهبری طرح های توسعه شهری ، تشکیل دبیرخانه ستاد هماهنگی کمیسیون های ماده صد و نیز تشکیل مجمع مشورتی رؤسای کمیسیون های شهرسازی و معماری کلانشهرها و مراکز استان های کشور و تشکیل دبیرخانه میز خیرین و توسعه فضاهای آموزشی شهر تهران ، باتوجه به عدم تحقق مدیریت یکپارچه و هماهنگ شهری ، از جمله اقدامات نهادسازی این کمیسیون بود که منجر به تصمیمات بسیار ارزشمند و الگوسازی در سطح شهرهای ایران شد.

تشکیل سازمان مردم نهاد و کمپین حق بر شهر

وی ادامه داد: در پایان اعلام می دارم با توجه به اینکه در این مقطع تاریخی، نهادینه کردن گفتمان حقوق عمومی و مفهوم حق به شهر در تمامی ابعاد آن، مهمترین نیاز ایران اسلامی و شهرهای کشور است، به قول لوفوردر، برای تحقق حق به شهر دموکراسی نمایندگی کافی نیست، و می بایست
از طریق دموکراسی مشارکتی عملی گردد. دموکراسی مشارکتی کوشش این است تمام شهروندان به طور فعال در تصمیم گیری ها مشارکت کنند و حضور اجتماعی آنها به رای دادن محدود نشود. بنده به اتفاق تعدادی از همکاران و فعالان مدنی، تصمیم به ایجاد سازمان مردم نهاد و کمپین حق بر شهر گرفته ایم که اساسنامه آن در آستانه ثبت است و هدف آن عمدتاً حمایت از حقوق همه ساکنان شهر نسبت به شهر و به ویژه حمایت از صداهای خاموش و گروه های طرح شده و پیگیری منافع عمومی به حاشیه رانده شده بوده و نیز موضوع شفاف سازی از هر نوع انحراف نسبت به حقوق عمومی و حق به شهر و همچنین تقدیر و تجلیل و همراهی و رویکردهای مدیران ملزم به حقوق عمومی خواهد بود.

برچسب ها :

ناموجود
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