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تولید دارویی برای درمان خواهرخوانده ویروس آنفلوآنزا

تولید دارویی برای درمان خواهرخوانده ویروس آنفلوآنزا

گروهی از محققان یکی از شرکت‌های دانش بنیان با سنتز RNA دو رشته‌ای دارویی به صورت اسپری برای پبشگیری و درمان بیماری کووید-۱۹ عرضه کردند که به گفته آنها ماده مؤثره این دارو بعد از وارد شدن به مخاط بینی لایه محافظتی در برابر این ویروس ایجاد خواهد کرد. دکتر مهدی خزاعی، مدیر عامل یکی

تولید دارویی برای درمان خواهرخوانده ویروس آنفلوآنزا

گروهی از محققان یکی از شرکت‌های دانش بنیان با سنتز RNA دو رشته‌ای دارویی به صورت اسپری برای پبشگیری و درمان بیماری کووید-۱۹ عرضه کردند که به گفته آنها ماده مؤثره این دارو بعد از وارد شدن به مخاط بینی لایه محافظتی در برابر این ویروس ایجاد خواهد کرد.

دکتر مهدی خزاعی، مدیر عامل یکی از شرکت‌های دانش بنیان فعال در حوزه زیست فناوری و مجری طرح در گفت و گو با ایسنا با اشاره به سابقه مطالعات این شرکت در زمینه ژنتیک داروها و ویروس آنفلوآنزا، گفت: در این مطالعات ما نسبت به شناسایی ساختارهای ژنتیکی این ویروس اقدام کردیم.

وی تولید پروتئین نوترکیب و کیت‌های ژنتیکی را از دیگر دستاوردهای این شرکت عنوان کرد و یادآور شد: تاکنون با همکاری گروه تحقیقاتی حاضر در این شرکت ۵۰ تا ۶۰ محصول ژنتیکی را تولید کردیم که توسط دانشگاه‌ها و مراکز تحقیقاتی سال‌ها است استفاده می‌شوند و اخیرا با توجه به شیوع ویروس کرونا اقدام به تولید دارویی برای درمان این بیماری کردیم.

خزاعی با اشاره به تحقیقات انجام شده برای تولید داروهایی برای درمان آنفلوآنزا در داخل و خارج کشور، اظهار کرد: ما در این تحقیقات تلاش کردیم که داروهایی برای رفع عوارض بیماری آنفلوآنزا در کمترین زمان ممکن برای تیپ‌‎های مختلف این ویروس طراحی کنیم که نتایج قابل قبولی را نیز به دست آوردیم.

مدیر عامل این شرکت دانش بنیان ویروس آنفلوآنزا را خواهرخوانده ویروس کرونا توصیف و خاطر نشان کرد: بر اساس مطالعاتی که ما بر روی ویروس‌های آنفلوآنزا و کرونا انجام دادیم، مشاهده کردیم که این دو ویروس بیش از ۶۴ درصد شباهت با یکدیگر دارند، همچنین شباهت‌های بالایی در حدود ۸۹ درصد و ۷۲ درصد با بقیه خواهران خود مثل “سارس” و “مرس” دارد و ۵۷ درصد شباهت DNA با ویروس HIV دارد؛ از این رو تخمین رفتارهای ویروس کرونا امکان پذیر است، بر این اساس با شیوع این ویروس مطالعات خود را بر روی تولید داروهایی جهت درمان این ویروس گسترش دادیم.

خزاعی یادآور آور شد: داروی ضد ویروس کرونای تولیدشده دارای چند نوع میکرو siRNA غیر کدشونده است که از الگوی ویروس کووید ۲۰۱۹ کپی برداری شده است.

به گفته وی siRNA در حقیقت یک RNA دو رشته‌ای است که به صورت شیمیایی سنتز می‌شود.

خزاعی به بیان نحوه سنتز شیمیایی این دارو پرداخت و توضیح داد: با وجود تکنیک‌های شیمیایی پیشرفته این امکان وجود دارد که بتوان نوکلئوتیدهای مختلف را که به عنوان منومرها شناخته می‌شوند، سنتز و به صورت شیمیایی تولید کرد.

این محقق حوزه زیست فناوری و ژنتیک با تاکید بر اینکه این دارو در فاز سلولی و حیوانی تست شده است، ادامه داد: علاوه بر آن این دارو بر در فاز انسانی بر روی ۹۸۰ نفر تست شد که ۹۸ درصد در درمان و ۹۹ درصد در پیشگیری مؤثر بوده است.

وی با تاکید بر اینکه این دارو به صورت اسپری تولید شده است، اضافه کرد: پس از اسپری کردن این دارو، مواد مؤثره آن از طریق مخاط بینی وارد بدن می شود و با ایجاد یک لایه محافطتی از تکثیر این ویروس در بدن جلوگیری خواهد کرد.

وی افزود: مواد مؤثره این دارو تا ۴۸ ساعت در خون باقی می‌ماند و در صورتی که با ویروسی مواجه شود، بر اساس شناسنامه‌ای که در اختیار دارد، اقدام به از بین بردن آن خواهد کرد.

خزاعی یادآور شد: این دارو قبل از آنکه مبتلایان “انتوبه” شوند(انتوبه شدن یک روش استاندارد شامل عبور لوله به مجاری هوایی انسان است) و یا تب بالا و یا سیستم ایمنی بسیار ضعیفی نداشته باشند، قابل تجویز است.

مدیر عامل این شرکت دانش بنیان در پاسخ به اینکه این دارو با موتاسیون‌های ویروس کرونا چگونه عملکرد خود را حفظ می‌‎کند، با تاکید بر اینکه عملکرد دارو با واکسن متفاوت است، ادامه داد: موتاسیون برای اثربخشی واکسن مهم است، چرا که باعث خواهد شد که واکسن قادر به شناسایی ویروس نشود. رابطه ای میان آنتی ژن و آنتی بادی وجود دارد، به این معنی که آنتی بادی بر اساس نقشه ژنتیکی خاصی تحریک می‌شود و در صورتی که ویروس موتاسیون داشته باشد رابطه آنتی ژن و آنتی بادی برهم می‌خورد و واکسن کارکرد خود را از دست می‌دهد.

وی  یادآور شد: ولی دارو کارکرد خاصی دارد و مستقل از هر نوع موتاسیون است؛ از این رو در صورت ساخت دارو، همه موتاسیون‌های این ویروس را قادر به شناسایی است.

خزاعی در خصوص اینکه چرا با این یافته دنیا به سمت تولید دارو به پیش نرفت، گفت: محققان دنیا بیشتر بر روی واکسن و درمان ارزان‌تر متمرکز شدند و از آنجایی که مطالعات ما بر روی ویروس بوده است؛ چون در این زمینه سابقه تحقیقاتی داشتیم، به این نتیجه رسیدیم‌که درجهت تولید دارو گام برداریم.

وی یادآور شد: مدارک این دارو برای اخذ مجوزها به سازمان غذا و دارو داده شده است. اخذ مجوز برای داروها فرایند پیچیده‌ای دارد.

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