تاریخ انتشار : دوشنبه 17 آبان 1400 - 22:23
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خطری که تامین آب آشامیدنی را تهدید می‌کند

خطری که تامین آب آشامیدنی را تهدید می‌کند

ایسنا/خراسان رضوی مساحتی از زمین که با یخ یا برف پوشیده است با عنوان کریوسفر شناخته می‌شود و به علت تغییرات آب‌وهوایی با سرعت نگران‌کننده‌ای در حال کاهش است. به نقل از ارث، نتایج بررسی محققان اتحادیه ژئوفیزیک امریکا نشان داده است که کریوسفر بین سال‌های ۱۹۷۹ تا ۲۰۱۶ به‌طور متوسط ۳۳ هزار مایل مربع کوچک

خطری که تامین آب آشامیدنی را تهدید می‌کند

ایسنا/خراسان رضوی مساحتی از زمین که با یخ یا برف پوشیده است با عنوان کریوسفر شناخته می‌شود و به علت تغییرات آب‌وهوایی با سرعت نگران‌کننده‌ای در حال کاهش است.

به نقل از ارث، نتایج بررسی محققان اتحادیه ژئوفیزیک امریکا نشان داده است که کریوسفر بین سال‌های ۱۹۷۹ تا ۲۰۱۶ به‌طور متوسط ۳۳ هزار مایل مربع کوچک شده‌ و این معادل از دست‌دادن منطقه‌ای به اندازه دریاچه سوپریور در امریکاست.

سطح سفید روشن آب منجمد، نقش مهمی در انعکاس نور خورشید از زمین و خنک شدن این کره خاکی دارد. تغییرات در کریوسفر می‌تواند تاثیر گسترده‌ای بر دمای هوا و جریان‌های اقیانوس داشته باشد.

محققان دانشگاه لانژو چین اظهار کردند: «کریوسفر یکی از حساس‌ترین شاخص‌های اقلیمی و اولین شاخصی است که نشان می‌دهد جهان در حال تغییر است و تغییر اندازه کریوسفر به‌جای یک مسئله منطقه‌ای یا محلی، یک تغییر عمده جهانی محسوب می‌شود.»

این بررسی اولین تحقیق در نوع خود است که تغییرات را در کل وسعت کریوسفر که تقریبا ۷۵ درصد از آب شیرین را در خود نگهداری کرده است را بیان می‌کند. کوچک‌شدن یخچال‌های طبیعی در بعضی از مناطق، آینده تامین آب آشامیدنی را تهدید خواهد کرد.

محققان دریافتند، وسعت کریوسفر با فصول، افزایش و کاهش می‌یابد اما از سال ۱۹۷۹ وسعت آن کاهش یافته است. بیشترین آسیب مربوط به نیمکره شمالی بوده و دستاوردهای نیمکره جنوبی اندکی این تلفات را جبران کرده است.

در حال حاضر، علاوه بر کاهش کریوسفر جهانی، بسیاری از مناطق برای مدت زمان کوتاهتری یخ زده باقی مانده‌اند. در مقایسه با سال ۱۹۷۹، متوسط یخ‌زدگی کنونی حدود ۳.۶ روز بعد اتفاق می‌افتد و یخ‌ها حدود ۵.۷ روز زودتر شروع به ذوب‌شدن می‌کنند.

محققان گفتند: اکنون می‌توان برای بررسی تاثیر تغییرات آب‌وهوایی بر روی کریوسفر و چگونگی تاثیر این تغییرات بر اکوسیستم، چرخه کربن و زمان چرخه حیات گیاهان و حیوانات، از مجموعه داده جهانی استفاده کرد.

این بررسی در مجله Earth’s Future منتشر شده است.

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