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نعمت احمدی: غربی‌ها پیام ظریف را درک کنند

نعمت احمدی: غربی‌ها پیام ظریف را درک کنند

«هرچند گروسی، مدیر کل آژانس بین‌المللی انژری اتمی، در سفر به ایران مهلت سه‌ ماهه‌ای دریافت کرد اما اکنون در شرایطی به‌ سر می‌بریم که دکتر ظریف فی‌الواقع با توجه به حساسیت موضوع و لازم‌الاجرا بودن قانونی که مجلس گذرانده، فارغ از این که به مصلحت هست یا نیست، به عنوان یک دیپلمات کارکشته و

نعمت احمدی: غربی‌ها پیام ظریف را درک کنند

«هرچند گروسی، مدیر کل آژانس بین‌المللی انژری اتمی، در سفر به ایران مهلت سه‌ ماهه‌ای دریافت کرد اما اکنون در شرایطی به‌ سر می‌بریم که دکتر ظریف فی‌الواقع با توجه به حساسیت موضوع و لازم‌الاجرا بودن قانونی که مجلس گذرانده، فارغ از این که به مصلحت هست یا نیست، به عنوان یک دیپلمات کارکشته و یک مذاکره‌گر قَدَر اذعان می‌کند که تا زمان پایان کار دولت روحانی که طرفین زبان مذاکره با هم را می‌دانند، فرصت باقی است.»

به گزارش ایسنا، در یادداشتی در روزنامه آرمان ملی ‌نوشته نعمت احمدی، حقوقدان، آمده است: «دولت جو بایدن باید به‌سرعت برای احیای برجام اقدام کند وگرنه با رسیدن دوران انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ۱۴۰۰ تحول خاصی رخ نخواهد داد.» پیام قابل تامل محمدجواد ظریف و مساله برجام و آینده آن که متاسفانه به باور من گره‌های پیچ‌درپیچی خورده. ترامپ بر این باور بود که می‌تواند با فشار حداکثری ایران را سر میز مذاکره بنشاند و بر این فرض دو سال از دوره ریاست‌جمهوری خود را به انتظار نشست و چون علامتی دریافت نکرد از برجام خارج شد و سخت‌ترین و سنگین‌ترین تحریم‌ها را علیه ایران پیاده کرد. منتها این شناخت که ایران از سال ۱۳۵۸ در تحریم است و به‌ هر حال راه‌های برون‌رفت از تحریم را یاد گرفته، نداشت یا دست‌ کم گرفته بود. ایران با توجه به شرایط منطقه و نفوذش در کشورهای همجوار مثل لبنان، سوریه، یمن و در اختیار داشتن همه ارکان نظام همان طور که طی ۴۰ سال با انواع تحریم‌ها به نوعی چرخ مملکت را به حرکت درآوردند به مذاکره دوباره تن نداد. تحریم در ایران آن اثری که می‌خواستند، نداشت؛ همان طور که در کوبا بیخ گوش آمریکا که سال‌ها تحریم است و حتی تا جنگ اتمی پیش رفت، نداشت. کره شمالی و ونزوئلا هم تحریم هستند و با این که به مردم این کشورها فشار وارد می‌شود ولی باعث تغییر نشد و اتفاقا یک اتحاد بین حاکمیت و مردم به‌ وجود آورد.

ترامپ در سیاست خارجی با تصور این که در ونزوئلا، کره شمالی و ایران می‌تواند توفیقی به‌ دست آورد، وارد گود شد اما در هر سه مورد با شکست مواجه شد. ترامپ هر چند دیدارهایی با رهبر کره شمالی داشت اما جز چند عکس یادگاری دستاورد دیگری نداشت. در ونزوئلا رئیس مجلس را به عنوان رئیس‌جمهور به رسمیت شناخت و پول‌های نفت و سرمایه‌های کشور را در اختیارش گذاشت اما چون مسیر ناصحیح بود در این کشور هم موفق نشد. و اما در مورد ایران، مردم آمریکا بغض شدیدی دارند تا جایی که ۶۵ ساله‌های این کشور، نام ایران را سال‌هاست که در صدر اخبار می‌بینند. از ۴۴۴ روز گروگانگیری گرفته تا همه ماجراهایی که طی این سال‌ها رخ داده، ایران به عنوان یک دشمن در ذهن مردم آمریکا نشسته است. هر حرکتی که ترامپ علیه ایران انجام می‌داد، مورد تایید بخش رادیکال و جمهوریخواه بود اما هیچ اثری در وضع ایران نداشت. در داخل هم با جریان رادیکالی مواجه شدیم که از اول با برجام مخالف بود و از فردای برجام، مخالف‌خوانی سر داد؛ تا جایی که مثلا از ورود شرکت‌های آمریکایی به ایران ممانعت کرد؛ در حالی‌ که آمریکا فکر می‌کرد با برجام می‌تواند از بازار ۸۰ میلیون نفری ایران استفاده کند اما چون هیچ جایگاهی نداشت دنیا، خصوصا بخش‌های اقتصادی را علیه ایران بسیج کرد. از طرفی نیروهای تندروی داخلی خصوصا آنها که با اقتصاد سروکار دارند، تمایلی به این که برجام به نتیجه برسد، نداشتند.

به مجلس یازدهم رسیدیم؛ مجلسی که دکتر کدخدایی اعلام کرد ۵۰ درصد از ۶۳ مصوبه‌ای که داشته، مغایر با قانون است! لذا با مجلسی روبه‌رو هستیم که درست وقتی که نتیجه انتخابات آمریکا روشن و مشخص شد و ترامپ شکست خورد، برنامه لغو تحریم‌ها را تصویب کرد و طی آن به دولت مهلت داد که تبدیل به چالش بزرگی شد. هرچند گروسی، مدیر کل آژانس بین‌المللی انژری اتمی، در سفر به ایران مهلت سه‌ ماهه‌ای دریافت کرد اما اکنون در شرایطی به‌ سر می‌بریم که دکتر ظریف فی‌الواقع با توجه به حساسیت موضوع و لازم‌الاجرا بودن قانونی که مجلس گذرانده، فارغ از این که به مصلحت هست یا نیست، به عنوان یک دیپلمات کارکشته و یک مذاکره‌گر قَدَر اذعان می‌کند که تا زمان پایان کار دولت روحانی که طرفین زبان مذاکره با هم را می‌دانند، فرصت باقی است. گروهی که ۲۲ ماه با هم گفت‌وگو کردند و ادبیات مشترکی دارند، چنانچه در این مدت به نتیجه برسند که رسیده‌اند چون فهم زبان سیاسی در طرفین آسان است، نتیجه محتمل است ولی اگر نرسند در ۲۸ خرداد ۱۴۰۰ انتخابات برگزار می‌شود و رئیس‌جمهوری جدید انتخاب می‌شود که قطعا نه ازاعتدالیون و نه از اصلاح‌طلبان است و یکی از اصولگرایان و چه‌بسا از شاخه تندروی آنهاست. در این صورت امکان مذاکره دیگر میسر نیست. به زعم من تا ۲۸ خرداد امکان مذاکره هست، نه تا ۱۴ مرداد که دولت بعدی سر کار می‌آید. از طرفی قانون مجلس را داریم که مهم است یعنی عواملی که می‌تواند سطح تنش را به مرحله بالاتری برساند. یعنی خروج ایران از ان‌پی‌تی، اخراج بازرسان، قطع شدن دوربین‌ها و عملا سرعت بخشیدن به غنی‌سازی. و از طرف دیگر غیر از آمریکا و گروه ۱+۵ جهان با موضوع دیگری به نام انتخابات در اسرائیل مواجه است که ظرف ماه‌های آینده به وقوع می‌پیوندد. در انتخاباتی که رقیب نتانیاهو در دور قبل توانست رای خوبی کسب کند و شریک دولت شد تا هر کدام دو سال اداره دولت را بر عهده بگیرند. در این‌ صورت با توجه به موضع ایران، موضع نتانیاهو قوی شده و می‌تواند به‌تنهایی بدون نیاز به آبی‌ها کابینه خود را تشکیل دهد و چنانچه احساس کند گروه ۱+۵ نتوانستند در مذاکره با ایران به نتیجه برسند و ایران هم دارد قانون مجلس را پیاده می‌کند، سطح تنش در منطقه قرمز خواهد شد و هر آن ممکن است منطقه خاورمیانه دچار بحرانی شود. اگر خدای ناکرده آتش جنگی در منطقه روشن شود، دیگر امکان شلیک اولیه ممکن است به دست یکی از طرفین باشد ولی غلاف‌شدن شمشیرها دیگر دست هیچ‌کدام از طرفین نیست. لذا دکتر ظریف دارد با زبان دیپلماتیک این وضعیت قرمز را ترسیم می‌کند و به صراحت اعلام می‌کند اگر با ما مذاکره نکنید و طرف مذاکره شما پشت میز ما نباشید، با گروه بعدی قطع یقین زبان مشترک ندارید، نمی‌توانید مذاکره را پیش ببرید و آینده برجام که با آینده منطقه گره خورده، دچار وضعیت مبهمی خواهد شد. همه آرزو می‌کنیم که پیام دکتر ظریف را غربی‌ها دریافت کنند!»

انتهای پیام

منبع:ایسنا

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