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کد خبر : 191757

هزینه مضاعف فیلترینگ و فیلترشکن، بر دوش کاربران

هزینه مضاعف فیلترینگ و فیلترشکن، بر دوش کاربران

در حالی که استفاده از فیلترشکن برای کاربران اینترنت به موضوعی عادی تبدیل شده، نه تنها هزینه خرید این نرم‌افزارهای تغییردهنده آی‌پی بر دوش آنهاست، بلکه با تبدیل ترافیک داخلی به ترافیک خارجی، تعرفه نیم‌بهایی هم حتی هنگام مراجعه به سایت‌های داخلی محاسبه نخواهد شد. به گزارش ایسنا، اگرچه استفاده از فیلترشکن در طول ۱۰ سال گذشته به

هزینه مضاعف فیلترینگ و فیلترشکن، بر دوش کاربران

در حالی که استفاده از فیلترشکن برای کاربران اینترنت به موضوعی عادی تبدیل شده، نه تنها هزینه خرید این نرم‌افزارهای تغییردهنده آی‌پی بر دوش آنهاست، بلکه با تبدیل ترافیک داخلی به ترافیک خارجی، تعرفه نیم‌بهایی هم حتی هنگام مراجعه به سایت‌های داخلی محاسبه نخواهد شد.

به گزارش ایسنا، اگرچه استفاده از فیلترشکن در طول ۱۰ سال گذشته به دلیل مسدود شدن برخی از وب‌سایت‌ها در بین برخی کاربران اینترنت وجود داشت، اما در یکی دو سال اخیر و با فیلتر شدن پیام‌رسان خارجی تلگرام، افرادی که تا پیش از آن از فیلترشکن استفاده نمی‌کردند، هم به این گروه پیوستند، تا جایی که این موضوع نگرانی‌ها را از بابت تهدیدات ناشی از استفاده از فیلترشکن افزایش داد.

فیلترشکن‌ها و وی‌پی‌ان‌ها در حالی سد فیلترینگ را قابل نفوذ می‌کنند که در مقابل، مسائل امنیتی فراگیر شدن این اپلیکیشن‌ها مطرح می‌شود. کاربران برای استفاده از وب‌سایت‌های فیلترشده، بدون آگاهی اقدام به دانلود و نصب اپلیکیشن‌هایی می‌کنند که بیشتر از اینکه فیلترشکن باشند، با هدف سوءاستفاده و دسترسی به اطلاعات و واردن کردن انواع بدافزار به گوشی افراد طراحی شده‌اند.

این روزها هم که موضوع فیلترینگ هر از چندگاهی به بهانه احتمال فیلتر شدن یک شبکه اجتماعی دیگر مطرح شده که اگرچه با اصرار از سوی برخی از مسوولان و انکار از سوی برخی دیگر روبه‌رو است، اما دوباره بر سر زبانها می افتد.

محمدجواد آذری‌جهرمی- وزیر ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات، پیش از این درباره ساماندهی وی‌پی‌ان و فیلترشکن‌ها گفته بود: ما به حاکمیت در فضای مجازی اعتقاد داریم ولی قانون این وظیفه را به عهده ما نگذاشته است. به همین دلیل وقتی سایتی بسته می‌شود، مردم سراغ فیلترشکن‌ها می‌روند یا اینکه وقتی به دلیل تحریم برخی سایت‌ها به ما خدمات نمی‌دهند و افرادی به آن نیاز دارند، از فیلترشکن استفاده می‌کنند. معتقدیم که باید تقاضاها را مدیریت کرد زیرا نمی‌توان همه سایت‌ها را بست.

او همچنین درباره فروش فیلترشکن گفته بود: کسانی که فیلترشکن می‌فروشند، هیچ اتفاقی برای آنها پیش نمی‌آید چون طبق قانون فروش فیلترشکن جرم نیست. آنها از زیرساخت‌های همین کشور هم استفاده می‌کنند.

حمید فتاحی- معاون وزیر ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات، نیز درباره فعالیت سایت‌های فروش VPN گفته بود: کسی دارد از یکی از درگاه‌های بانکی رسمی تخلفی را انجام می‌دهد، این وظیفه دستگاه نظارتی و پلیس است که متخلف را شناسایی و به مراجع قضایی معرفی کند تا بر اساس آن اعلام جرم و مجازات آن معلوم شود. اما آنچه قوه قضاییه در این باره انجام داده این است که بگوید قضات نمی‌توانند این اتفاق را جرم‌انگاری و آن را به مفاد قانونی استناد کنند؛ آنها فروش فیلترشکن را در محاکم قضایی جرم نمی‌دانند و این یک خلأ قانونی است و بستر لازم را برای سوءاستفاده‌کنندگان فراهم می‌کند.

او در پاسخ به اینکه چرا وزارت ارتباطات اقدامی درخصوص مسدودسازی فیلترشکن‌های رایگان نکرده است، تصریح کرد: وقتی به راحتی افراد سودجو از درگاه‌های بانکی رسمی کشور، اقدام به فروش فیلترشکن می‌کنند وزارت ارتباطات چه اقدامی می‌تواند انجام دهد؟ البته ناگفته نماند که این وظیفه اپراتور لایه دسترسی است و نه وزارت ارتباطات، سوالی که در اینجا مطرح می‌شود این است که اپراتور لایه دسترسی چند IP را می‌تواند مسدود و خود را با پیچیدگی‌های فنی درگیر و در شبکه اختلال ایجاد کند.

مدیرعامل شرکت ارتباطات زیرساخت همچنین خاطرنشان کرده بود: چرا باید با این اقدام برای مصارف کاربران مشکل ایجاد کنیم و از آن طرف متخلفین به راحتی از طریق درگاه‌های رسمی کشور در فضای ایجاد شده جولان دهند و هیچ برخوردی هم با آن نشود، آن هم با این استدلال که از نظر قضات فروش فیلترشکن جرم محسوب نمی‌شود. باز هم این خلأ قانونی است که تمام پیگیری‌ها و اقدامات انجام‌شده از سوی پلیس فتا را هم بی‌نتیجه می‌گذارد، مساله‌ای که باید حل شود.

همچنین به‌تازگی کارشناسان و فعالان رسانه‌ای منافع اقتصادی و رقابت را از دلایل پشت پرده محدودکنندگان فضای مجازی دانسته و با اشاره به استفاده از فیلترشکن، عنوان کردند که با فیلتر شبکه‌های اجتماعی و استفاده از وی‌پی‌ان برای دسترسی به آنها، دیتای داخلی تبدیل به دیتای خارجی شده و هزینه‌های مردم برای استفاده از این فضا دو برابر می‌شود و با این حساب باید بررسی شود این درآمدها به سود چه افراد و شرکت‌هایی واریز می‌شود.

البته پیش از این هم بارها به موضوع تاثیر استفاده از فیلترشکن بر تعرفه اینترنت اشاره شده بود. در شرایطی که پس از فازهای چندگانه شبکه‌ ملی اطلاعات اعلام شد سایت‌هایی که داخلی هستند از تعرفه‌ی نیم‌بها برخوردارند و تمامی اپراتورهای ارائه‌دهنده‌ی اینترنت نیز باید این تعرفه‌های ترجیحی را اعمال کنند، در صورت استفاده از فیلترشکن‌هایی که آی‌پی را تغییر می‌دهند، اپراتور قادر به شناسایی وب‌سایت نبوده و آن را با تعرفه عادی محاسبه خواهد  کرد.

حسین فلاح جوشقانی -رئیس سازمان تنظیم مقررات و ارتباطات رادیویی- نیز در این خصوص گفته بود: در صورت استفاده از مشترکین از نرم‌افزارهای فیلترشکن و VPN به دلیل عدم امکان شناسایی سایت مورد استفاده، حتی در صورت استفاده از سایت‌های داخلی محاسبه تعرفه بر اساس تعرفه عادی بین‌الملل انجام شده و تعرفه ترجیحی برای سایت‌های داخلی اعمال نخواهد شد.

فروش فیلترشکن در وب‌سایت‌ها در شرایطی صورت می‌گیرد که با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای تغییردهنده آی‌پی، ترافیک داخلی تبدیل به دیتای خارجی شده و هزینه‌های مردم برای استفاده از این فضا دو برابر می‌شود و از سوی دیگر، خرید و فروش فیلترشکن هم به روشی برای کسب درآمد تبدیل شده است، کما اینکه فعالان سیاسی و رسانه‌ای معتقدند منافع اقتصادی یکی از دلایل پشت پرده محدودکنندگان فضای مجازی است، از آنجایی که با فیلتر شبکه‌های اجتماعی و استفاده از فیلترشکن، هزینه‌های مردم برای استفاده از فضای مجازی دو برابر می‌شود و باید دید این درآمدها به سود چه افراد و شرکت‌هایی واریز می‌شود.

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