تاریخ انتشار : دوشنبه 13 دی 1400 - 16:03
196 بازدید
کد خبر : 183993

کاهش هدر رفت صنایع معدنی با سامانه کنترل آسیاب‌های معدنی

کاهش هدر رفت صنایع معدنی با سامانه کنترل آسیاب‌های معدنی

محققان یکی از شرکت‌های دانش بنیان به دانش فنی تولید سامانه‌های سخت‌افزاری و نرم‌افزاری بهینه سازی و کنترل آسیاب‌های معدنی به عنوان یکی از تجهیزات گلوگاهی صنایع معدنی دست یافتند. به گزارش ایسنا، عماد جمعه زاده، مدیرعامل یکی از شرکت‌های فناور با تاکید بر اینکه طی ۱۵ سال کار تحقیقاتی در حوزه خردایش توانستیم به دانش فنی کنترل و

کاهش هدر رفت صنایع معدنی با سامانه کنترل آسیاب‌های معدنی

محققان یکی از شرکت‌های دانش بنیان به دانش فنی تولید سامانه‌های سخت‌افزاری و نرم‌افزاری بهینه سازی و کنترل آسیاب‌های معدنی به عنوان یکی از تجهیزات گلوگاهی صنایع معدنی دست یافتند.

به گزارش ایسنا، عماد جمعه زاده، مدیرعامل یکی از شرکت‌های فناور با تاکید بر اینکه طی ۱۵ سال کار تحقیقاتی در حوزه خردایش توانستیم به دانش فنی کنترل و بهینه سازی بسیاری از تجهیزات مانند آسیاب‌های معدنی دست یابیم، گفت: سامانه بهینه‌سازی و کنترل آسیاب‌های معدنی از دستاوردهای تحقیقاتی ما است که می‌تواند آسیب‌های معدنی را کنترل و کارایی را افزایش دهد.

به گفته وی این سامانه که مجموعه‌ یکپارچه‌ای از سخت افزارها و نرم‌افزارهای گوناگون است و در محل‌های گوناگون قابل نصب است و از طریق آن می‌توان به صورت خودکار  وآنلاین معیارهای مورد نیاز را اندازه‌گیری کرد.

جمعه‌زاده درباره کارایی این سامانه بهینه‌سازی و کنترل گفت: پس از دریافت معیارهای کارکرد بهینه، هرکدام از این معیارها به سیستم کنترل سامانه انتقال یافته و تجهیزات خط را در حالت بهینه کنترل می‌کنند.

مدیرعامل این شرکت دانش بنیان یادآور شد: با توجه به دانش فنی که در این ارتباط کسب کردیم تمامی معیارها مانند خردایش‌ها، سرعت‌ها، نیروها، توان‌های موتور و آمپر، به میزان خروجی بهینه تنظیم می‌شوند.

این فعال فناور این سامانه را جزو تجهیزات گلوگاه‌های صنایع معدنی دانست و ادامه داد: با بهره گیری از این سامانه می‌توان از هدررفت به طور میانگین هر ساعت ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان به دلیل توقف فعالیت یا عملکرد نامطلوب تجهیزات، جلوگیری کرد.

بنا بر اعلام مرکز اطلاع رسانی معاونت علمی، جمعه زاده،اضافه کرد: نمونه مشابه تا دو سال قبل امکان واردات داشت و به طور میانگین ۵ تا ۶ میلیارد تومان فروخته می‌شد؛ اما در حاضر نه تنها امکان واردات آن به کشور وجود ندارد بلکه با نوسانات نرخ ارز، قیمتی چند برابری یافته، این در حالی است که نمونه ایران‌ساخت با صرفه جویی در منابع ارزی و صنعت معدن، از ارزبری سالانه ۱۰۰۰ میلیارد ریال جلوگیری می‌کند.

منبع:ایسنا

برچسب ها :

ناموجود
ارسال نظر شما
مجموع نظرات : 0 در انتظار بررسی : 0 انتشار یافته : ۰
  • نظرات ارسال شده توسط شما، پس از تایید توسط مدیران سایت منتشر خواهد شد.
  • نظراتی که حاوی تهمت یا افترا باشد منتشر نخواهد شد.
  • نظراتی که به غیر از زبان فارسی یا غیر مرتبط با خبر باشد منتشر نخواهد شد.

htthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtthtt