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قانون جدید برای همه هنرمندان است نه سلبریتی‌ها

قانون جدید برای همه هنرمندان است نه سلبریتی‌ها

یک تهیه‌کننده و سینمادار با تاکید بر این‌که قانون جدید مصوب مجلس برای مالیات هنرمندان به تمام فعالان عرصه‌های مختلف هنر مربوط می‌شود، گفت: این مصوبه به دلیل متناسب نبودن با شرایط اقتصادی موجی از نارضایتی‌ها را به وجود خواهد آورد و قطعا عواقب ناخوشایندی خواهد داشت. منوچهر محمدی در گفت‌وگویی با ایسنا درباره تصویب

قانون جدید برای همه هنرمندان است نه سلبریتی‌ها

یک تهیه‌کننده و سینمادار با تاکید بر این‌که قانون جدید مصوب مجلس برای مالیات هنرمندان به تمام فعالان عرصه‌های مختلف هنر مربوط می‌شود، گفت: این مصوبه به دلیل متناسب نبودن با شرایط اقتصادی موجی از نارضایتی‌ها را به وجود خواهد آورد و قطعا عواقب ناخوشایندی خواهد داشت.

منوچهر محمدی در گفت‌وگویی با ایسنا درباره تصویب قانونی بر حسب حذف معافیت‌های مالیاتی و گرفتن مالیات از هنرمندانی که سالانه بیش از ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان درآمد دارند، بیان کرد: من روز گذشته (سه‌شنبه ۵ اسفند) به طور مستقیم گزارش جلسه مجلس را از رادیو گوش می‌کردم و به تحقیق می‌توانم بگویم از معدود سینماگرانی بودم که  صحبت‌ها درباره مالیات هنرمندان را که نماینده مجلس آن را عنوان کرد شنیدم و بلافاصله پس از ساعت ۱۰ صبح ماجرا را به اطلاع اصنافی از سینما که موضوع برایشان مهم است، رساندم. نماینده‌ای که تبصره‌های بودجه را قرائت می‌کرد دقیقاً به این عبارت اشاره کرد که بند ل ماده ۱۳۹ به این ترتیب اصلاح می‌شود که کسانی که تا سقف ۵۰۰ میلیون تومان در سال درآمد دارند، معاف هستند و بعد از آن مشمول مالیات می‌شوند. (البته این عدد بعدا به ۲۰۰ میلیون کاهش پیدا کرد)

او افزود: در این‌باره لازم است جهت اطلاع همکاران سینمایی خودم عرض کنم که در تبصره‌های بودجه بند ل حسب کتاب قانون مالیات‌های مستقیم و اصلاح موادی از آن که موجود است، به این شکل نوشته شده که کلیه فعالیت‌های فرهنگی و هنری اعم از سینما، تئاتر و موسیقی در این بند گنجانده می‌شوند یعنی در ادامه این بحث به مشاغل سینمایی اشاره شده و بعد از آن چند نقطه‌چین گذاشته شده که در واقع کلیه صنف‌های سینمایی و هنرمندان را دربرمی‌گیرد، حال چه در عرصه سینما باشند، چه تئاتر و چه موسیقی. نماینده محترم مجلس هنگام قرائت، فقط اسم بازیگران را ذکر کرد در صورتی که در خود ماده نوشته شده بازیگر، کارگردان، فیلمبردار، صدابردار و … چون اگر قرار بود همه مشاغل را بنویسند حجم خیلی زیادی می‌شد. اما نکته قابل توجه این‌جاست که وقتی تا بعدازظهر خبرها را نگاه می‌کردم متوجه شدم به جز کاهش یافتن سقف معافیت، به اشتباه در فضای رسمی رسانه‌ای و نیز در فضای اخبار صنفی و مجازی عنوان “سلبریتی” قید شده است در حالی که اساساً این‌طور نیست و مجلس نمی‌تواند قانونی را برای یک گروه مشخص که هویت روشن صنفی، حقوقی و قانونی ندارند بنویسد.

او در این‌باره ادامه داد: سلبریتی می‌تواند قصاب باشد یا بقال یا یک راننده. سلبریتی یک عنوان غیرحقوقی است و اصلا یک مفهوم ماندگار نیست. سلبریتی کسی است که ممکن است به دلایلی در یک برهه زمانی که ممکن است بین شش ماه تا چند سال باشد دارای شهرت ‌شود و آن شهرت به دلایل عدیده‌اش ممکن است از بین برود. بنابراین نفس این قانون‌نویسی ایراد دارد.

تهیه‌کننده فیلم‌های «بوسیدن روی ماه» و «ارتفاع پست» گفت:‌ درباره این‌که تصور شده این مالیات فقط شامل بازیگران سینماست، می‌خواهم تاکید کنم و در واقع به همه هنرمندان کشور بالاخص سینماگران که همکاران مستقیم بنده هستند، یک هشدار و توجه جدی بدهم که آن‌چه دیروز در مجلس تصویب شد شامل کلیه فعالیت‌های سینمایی از جمله سینماداری، پخش، تهیه‌کنندگی، تولید، فیلمبرداری، صدابرداری، بازیگری، مونتاژ، چهره‌پردازی و غیره است؛ یعنی تمام صنف‌های تعریف‌شده در صنعت سینما را شامل خواهد شد. این در حالی است که برخی از همکاران ما در سینما تصور می‌کنند این قانون مالیاتی فقط برای بازیگران و بعد هم فقط برای عده‌ای از آن‌ها تصویب شده در صورتی که اصلا این‌طور نیست.

او تاکید کرد: بنابراین الان معافیت‌ها از بین رفته و به سقف ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان رسیده و بعد از آن بر اساس ماده ۱۳۱ قانون مالیات‌های مستقیم و ضرایبی که طبیعتاً توسط سازمان امور مالیاتی به طور سالانه تعریف خواهد شد، همه مشمول مالیات می‌شوند که آن هم نمی‌دانیم با ضریب چند درصد است و اگر ضریب ۲۵ درصد باشد که به نظرم یک فاجعه جدی بر سر راه هنر کشور به وجود خواهد آمد.

محمدی درباره این‌که چطور در جلسه دیروز مجلس ابتدا حرف از همان سقف ۵۰۰ میلیونی بوده و بعد به ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان رسیده است توضیح داد: آیین‌نامه داخلی مجلس بر این اساس است که یک نماینده از کمیسیون تلفیق مصوبات این کمیسیون را در صحن علنی مجلس مطرح می‌کند. دیروز درباره تبصره‌های بودجه بند ل ماده ۱۳۹ که معافیت هنرمندان جزء این بند است بحث شد. نماینده‌ای که موضوع را مطرح می‌کرد عدد ۵۰۰ میلیون تومان را اعلام کرد و وقتی این پیشنهاد کمیسیون تلفیق در صحن به رای گذاشته شد، قاعده این‌طور است که نمایندگان موافق و مخالفی وجود دارند و نظر می‌دهند. آن‌ها نظر کمیسیون تلفیق را اصلاح کردند و سقف را به ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان رساندند تا دامنه و گستره مالیاتی فراتر رود.

او در ادامه اظهار کرد: به نظرم موجی که از نظر خبری راه افتاده به نوعی خلط واقعیت آن قانونی است که در مجلس مصوب شده است. این قانون اساسا درباره سلبریتی‌ها – یا حتی با تسامح و تساهل هم در نظر بگیریم – درباره بازیگران نیست. این قانون درباره کلیه آحاد هنرمند کشور است، یعنی هر هنرمندی که درآمد سالانه‌اش بیش از ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان باشد. حال این را بگذارید کنار امر دیگری که ما از اواخر سال ۹۸ و احتمالاً تا بخش عمده‌ای از سال ۱۴۰۰ با آن درگیر هستیم. حوزه اقتصاد هنر به طور کلی و سینما به طور اخص در این سالی که گذشت دچار آسیب‌های بسیار زیاد جدی، کمرشکن و سخت شد. آن‌چه برای من قابل تامل است این بود که در همه جای دنیا قانونگذاران کشور و کسانی که به ویژه متصدیان امر مالیات هستند مثل سازمان امور مالیاتی و وزارت اقتصاد و دارایی مالیات را همیشه با یک نسبت تعریف‌شده و روشن با رونق اقتصادی در نظر می‌گیرند، یعنی هرگاه رونق اقتصادی و شکوفایی داریم قاعدتاً مالیات‌ها می‌تواند افزایش پیدا کند و به عنوان درآمد عمومی صرف ایجاد زیرساخت‌ها، رفاه مردم، مشکلات سلامت و بهداشت، تعلیم و تربیت و خیلی کارهای دیگری شود که می‌تواند وجوه عام‌المنفعه داشته باشد، اما وقتی در شرایط رکود اقتصادی هستیم و از طرف دیگر در یک تحریم کمرشکن قرار داریم که ماه‌هاست دولتمردان از آن به عنوان جنگ اقتصادی یاد می‌کنند ایجاد چنین مالیات‌هایی می‌تواند به نارضایتی منجر شود که امیدوارم تحقق پیدا نکند.

این تهیه‌کننده سینما گفت:‌ هنرمندان باید گوش به زنگ باشند چون از آن‌جا که این کار از نظر اجرایی به سال ۱۴۰۰ برمی‌گردد، قطعا سال آینده بخش عظیمی از هنرمندان کشور در رشته‌های مختلف درگیر این ماجرا می‌شوند و به نظرم موجب نارضایتی است و عواقب ناخوشایندی خواهد داشت.

انتهای پیام

منبع:ایسنا

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